Bank of Korea Governor Lee Chang-yong (이창용) said it is becoming difficult to achieve economic stability and growth through monetary and fiscal policy alone and stressed the need for structural reforms as he ended his four-year term on April 20. He cited rate hikes to 3.5 percent, including two big steps, as a key response after inflation surged. He also pointed to multiple domestic and external crises and listed achievements including lowering inflation to the 2 percent range.

JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon (제이미 다이먼) warned in his annual shareholder letter that geopolitical conflict, national debt and structural fragilities in financial markets are jointly increasing uncertainty for the global economy. He cited the Russia-Ukraine war and Middle East tensions linked to Iran as drivers of energy price volatility, and said U.S.-China relations could shape the world economy. Dimon also warned that high valuations and tight credit spreads could amplify shocks.