Jeonbuk National University is testing technology that adds autonomous judgement to automated factories at its Physical AI Manufacturing Technology Pilot Lab in Jeonju. The 846-square-metre facility links robot arms, autonomous mobile robots, sensors and machine tools to share production plans and detect abnormalities. It can recommend responses, with plans to develop technology to directly adjust equipment and optimise multiple processes. The programme will expand through 2030 with central government funding.

China\'s Hangzhou has opened a vocational school for humanoid robots and is building a system requiring qualification tests before deployment in factories and service sites. The first cohort includes 30 humanoid robots that will receive practical training and must pass certification exams. Courses are tailored to each robot\'s hardware. The school was founded with Zhejiang University\'s robotics institute and industrial partners and operates as part of a national embodied AI pilot base.