Limits on expanding high-bandwidth memory are pushing the memory industry to focus on improving resource utilisation in AI servers rather than boosting bandwidth alone. With only about 50 to 60 percent of installed server memory used for computation, companies are pursuing technologies to pool and reallocate capacity, including CXL, PIM and high-bandwidth flash. Supply constraints and rising costs reinforce the shift toward a tiered memory approach combining different memory types.

Kioxia Holdings said its subsidiaries Kioxia and Kioxia America were ordered by a U.S. federal court in Texas to pay about $229 million in damages in a patent infringement lawsuit brought by satellite communications company Viasat. The ruling confirms a jury verdict. Kioxia Holdings said it cannot accept the claims and the ruling and will consider all legal options, including an appeal. It said the decision will not affect products and services for customers and that it has already booked a litigation provision.