End-to-end encryption remains a core technology for secure communications, but officials and experts say it is increasingly insufficient for governments and critical infrastructure. They warn attackers are shifting from cracking encrypted messages to bypassing identity, account and device controls through phishing and impersonation. Experts also point to metadata risks and reliance on foreign-run platforms. Governments are seeking integrated systems combining authentication, device trust, metadata management and platform control, including sovereign communications infrastructure.

A new on-chain analysis has revived allegations that Cardano (ADA) co-founder Charles Hoskinson may have sold about 1.5 billion ADA during the 2021 bull market. Analyst Masato Alexander said large ADA transfers in 2021 could be linked more directly to Hoskinson or Input Output Global than previously thought. He said the flow may trace back to collateral from private stake pools run by IOG. However, ownership and any exchange sale cannot be confirmed from public data.