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Mobility

Toyota to roll out \'Level2++\' supervised driving system from 2028 models, targeting Tesla FSD

Toyota plans to introduce a next-generation advanced driver assistance system in 2028 model-year vehicles with supervised driving functions similar to Tesla’s Full Self-Driving (FSD). The company aims to expand the system to more models by 2030. Japanese media said it will be at an industry-termed “Level2++” between Level 2 and Level 3. Toyota plans to add an AI “guardrail” system and says the approach could prevent about 60 percent of traffic deaths and injuries.

Mobility

Waymo to launch first European robotaxi service in Munich in 2027

Waymo is pushing to launch a robotaxi service in Munich, aiming for a commercial ride-hailing rollout by late 2027. The company plans to map roads with human-driven cars, then conduct autonomous tests with safety operators before moving to driverless trials. Waymo said it is working with Germany’s Federal Motor Transport Authority and local authorities to secure permits and approvals. The move would be Waymo’s first entry into the EU.

Mobility

Why Waymo is Level 4, not Level 5, despite an empty driver seat

Waymo vehicles can drive through city streets without anyone in the driver’s seat, but they are still classified as Level 4 rather than the top Level 5, the article says. The key distinction is not whether a person intervenes, but whether the system can operate without limits. Under SAE standards, Level 4 allows fully autonomous driving only within defined areas and conditions. Level 5 requires the removal of all boundaries, including location, road type and weather.