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AI full-stack self-reliance is an illusion; focus investment on models and cloud, report says

South Korea cannot achieve AI full-stack self-reliance in the short term because of high foreign dependence across the technology stack, from semiconductors and accelerators to application software, a report said. KISDI urged resetting strategy toward minimum dependence and maximum competitiveness, with near-term 집중 investment in AI models and cloud. A survey of 38 experts found high overseas dependence in six of nine stacks and below-average competitiveness across all areas.