Bitcoin marked the 18th anniversary of its white paper release, becoming a major investment asset as it moved into mainstream finance after spot ETF approval. The article traces key milestones from the 2008 white paper and early transactions through major price surges, regulatory crackdowns and exchange failures. It says concerns persist over decentralisation as institutions expand custody and trading, while security risks include exchange hacks, potential quantum threats and declining mining subsidies.

A study found that running the same personality test on large language models can yield different results depending on the language used for answers. Researchers tested five AI models with the 60-question Big Five Inventory-2 in English and Chinese, and added French for Le Chat. Models generally rated themselves as agreeable and reliable with low negative emotionality, but scores differed by language. The researchers said the causes were unclear and scores may not reflect real conversation ability.