Blockchain technology is expanding beyond finance into scientific data verification. SkyMapper has built a dedicated network based on Avalanche (AVAX) and introduced a system that can verify telescope observation data from around the world in real time.

On April 14 local time, blockchain outlet CoinDesk reported that SkyMapper unveiled a system called SkyMapper L1 that records and preserves space observation data in a form that can also confirm whether it has been tampered with.

The core is Proof of Space Observation, or POSO. The system converts data collected by telescopes and sensors around the world into digital records. It is designed to verify whether an observation actually occurred, when it happened, and whether the data were changed afterward.

Verification takes place at the moment of observation. When a network-connected telescope captures a satellite pass or deep-space signal, the data immediately go through a cryptographic signature. The signature acts as a unique identifier for each instrument and is then recorded on the network along with time information.

The storage method also differs from conventional centralised databases. SkyMapper stores the original data split across a distributed storage network and leaves a digital fingerprint of that data on the Avalanche blockchain. Users can later compare the fingerprint to confirm whether the data were actually recorded and whether they were altered in between.

The system also includes access controls. Smart contracts verify and classify incoming data and manage access rights, keeping sensitive government or defence-related information private while allowing scientific research data to be shared publicly. Each record is traceable to the time of collection, location and source.

Integration with data from institutions has also begun. The SETI Institute, known for its search for extraterrestrial intelligent life, is providing real-time observation data. The move is seen as an early example of institutional scientific data being connected to a blockchain-based verification system.

SkyMapper cited a surge in space data as the issue it aims to address. It said observation information is rising quickly with the expansion of satellites, drones and space missions, but it has become more difficult to confirm whether data have been manipulated or misattributed. SkyMapper explained that blockchain can leave each observation record in a permanent and tamper-resistant form so anyone can verify it independently.

Emin Gun Sirer (에민 권 시러), founder and chief executive of Avalanche developer Ava Labs, said, "We are building blockchain infrastructure that affects the real world." He added, "This case of anchoring observatory data to the blockchain shows how the technology can change science."

The announcement shows Avalanche is expanding beyond uses centred on digital assets and decentralised finance into verifying real-world data. As it targets fields that need trusted data, including scientific, corporate and government organisations, attention is focused on how distribution of observation data and access-rights management systems will take shape.