Google is broadly expanding its in-vehicle operating system, Android Automotive OS (AAOS), as it moves to target the software-defined vehicle (SDV) market.

On March 24 local time, IT outlet The Verge reported that Google unveiled an expanded SDV platform based on AAOS, called "AAOS SDV", and announced plans to convert it to open source.

Android Automotive OS has been used mainly for infotainment systems. With the update, Google expanded its scope across in-car computer systems. It has evolved beyond a simple screen user interface into an "open infrastructure" that integrates and manages overall vehicle functions.

Software has rapidly grown in importance in cars, which are often called "computers on wheels". But systems have been fragmented by automakers and parts suppliers, raising concerns about a lack of consistency. Google aims to reduce that fragmentation by providing a common platform and to position itself as a core software supplier to the auto industry.

The new OS strengthens features such as faster over-the-air updates, an enhanced voice assistant and preventive maintenance alerts. It also integrates management of key in-vehicle functions such as climate control, lighting and seat adjustments, tying user experiences such as digital keys, personalized profiles and remote control into a single ecosystem.

For automakers, using a common platform can reduce development costs and allow them to focus on brand differentiation. Google said it provides a basic code base and a common language so manufacturers can focus on designing better user experiences.

Google is already working with Renault Group and Qualcomm, among others, to apply the new AAOS SDV system across a range of vehicle models. It is also expected to expand to existing vehicles that already use AAOS, including those from Volvo, Polestar, General Motors, Nissan and Honda.

Apple is also accelerating competition in vehicle platforms. Apple recently unveiled CarPlay Ultra, integrating climate control and vehicle control functions, and plans to expand it to Aston Martin and Porsche, among others.

As cars evolve into "digital platforms", the battle between Google and Apple for leadership in vehicle operating systems is expected to intensify.