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Not all L1s are the same: Ark Invest on the business structures of ETH, SOL and HYPE

Ethereum, Solana and Hyperliquid are all layer-1 blockchains, but their business structures and revenue models differ fundamentally, an analysis said. Ark Invest crypto research director Lorenzo Valente compared the three to fast-food chains, likening Ethereum to a franchise and holding-company model where value flows to L2s after EIP-4844. He described Solana as a fully integrated model keeping fees and MEV inside L1, and Hyperliquid as a concentrated team-led model using fees to buy HYPE tokens.