The Korea Internet & Security Agency warned on Thursday that hacktivist attacks targeting South Korean companies and institutions are increasing as Middle East geopolitical conflict spreads into cyberspace. It cited three main threats: DDoS attacks aimed at disrupting services, intrusions and data leaks, and ransomware infections for financial gain. KISA urged companies to strengthen monitoring, check web vulnerabilities, review 3-2-1 backups, build telecom cooperation for DDoS response, apply multi-factor authentication and enhance security training.